Written evidence from Feeding Britain [UCW0094]

Since 2010, Britain’s poorest households – those in the lowest income decile – are the only group to have suffered a reduction in weekly disposable income. This alarming trend, coupled with the absence of any savings among households within this group, demonstrates an urgent need to pay benefits quickly, when they are needed, so that hunger and destitution can be kept at bay. That need can only be met by reforming the waiting period for a first Universal Credit payment.

Households living in, or on the brink of, poverty tend not to have the resources they require to meet their essential outgoings while they wait at least five weeks for Universal Credit to be paid. In a worryingly large number of cases, that wait extends far beyond five weeks. 79,702 households making a new claim for Universal Credit, between April and July 2019, did not receive their full payment after five weeks. They accounted for one in seven new claims made within that period. Within this group, one in four households with limited capability for work, and two in five households seeking help towards childcare costs, did not receive their full payment on time.

To date, the Department for Work and Pensions’ main policy response has been to offer an advance payment to households who are unable, by themselves, to bridge that gap in income. 1,996,000 households making a new claim for Universal Credit, between December 2018 and November 2019, required an advance payment on their claim, to tide them over the minimum waiting period of five weeks before they were paid.

Our concern is that this policy merely delays hardship from the first five weeks, to subsequent weeks and months. It does not prevent hardship. In respect of the households mentioned in the previous paragraph, sums were deducted from their monthly subsistence payments to repay that advance – Feeding Britain has found that, in one month alone, a total of £50 million was clawed back for this purpose, with an additional £44 million deducted to repay historic overpayments and other debts. We have found also that, for more than half of households whose claims are subject to a deduction, between 20% and 30% of their standard Universal Credit allowance is clawed back by the Government.

Moreover, the average monthly deduction per household increased from £69 in September 2018, to £78 in August 2019; the majority of which (£42 in August 2019) was to repay an advance payment. In parts of the country, that average figure surpassed £88 per household. A full breakdown by parliamentary constituency is given in the Appendix. The deduction of this sum is enough to wipe out poorer households’ food budgets, thereby resulting in their seeking help from food banks. In one recent case, where a man sought emergency food supplies and specialist advice from Feeding Britain’s Pathways From Poverty project, a deduction of £78 (a quarter of his entitlement) had left him with £240 to live on for an entire month.

We strongly welcome the Department’s decision to cease the deduction of sums to repay historic overpayments, during the COVID-19 pandemic. We recommend that this flexible approach should be extended to the sums deducted from Universal Credit to repay advance payments. These deductions currently exceed £50 million each month. Among the options we would support are advance payments being replaced with targeted grants, and implementing with immediate effect the policy announced in the Budget, of lowering the repayment rate and extending the repayment period, which is not due to take effect until October 2021.

Ultimately, however, we believe the Department’s policy should be to set in hand payments within, or as near as possible to, five working days after a Universal Credit claim has been submitted.

Similarly, we recommend that claimants be registered automatically for passported benefits, such as free school meals and Healthy Start vouchers, as soon as their entitlement to Universal Credit has been established – ideally within, or as near as possible to, five working days after their claim has been submitted.

Appendix

Table 1 – Weekly disposable income – Money values of decile medians in average 2018/19 prices (£pw equivalised 2018/19 prices, after housing costs)

	2010/11	2011/12	2012/13	2013/14	2014/15	2015/16	2016/17	2017/18	2018/19
Decile 1	115	117	114	113	116	115	110	107	109
Decile 2	215	212	212	212	217	221	225	224	221
Decile 3	274	269	267	270	280	281	286	287	287
Decile 4	329	323	321	323	338	341	346	350	350
Decile 5	389	381	380	383	399	405	415	415	415
Decile 6	457	446	446	451	467	476	484	483	484
Decile 7	530	522	519	530	547	558	563	564	565
Decile 8	622	618	610	625	644	657	657	659	661
Decile 9	773	763	756	766	793	802	801	811	813
Decile 10	1,158	1,138	1,126	1,140	1,175	1,182	1,189	1,176	1,215
Population median	422	412	412	416	431	440	449	447	447

Source: House of Commons Library analysis of DWP, Households Below Average Income, 2018/19

Table 2 – Deductions from Universal Credit claims, in each parliamentary constituency, August 2019

Parliamentary constituency	Number with deduction	Total value of deductions	Average value of deductions (£)
Amber Valley	1,700	£133,000	78.23529
Ashfield	1,800	£149,000	82.77778
Bassetlaw	2,200	£177,000	80.45455
Bolsover	1,800	£151,000	83.88889
Boston and Skegness	2,300	£188,000	81.73913
Bosworth	1,600	£124,000	77.5
Broxtowe	1,000	£75,000	75
Charnwood	900	£69,000	76.66667
Chesterfield	2,200	£180,000	81.81818
Corby	2,600	£199,000	76.53846
Daventry	1,300	£97,000	74.61538
Derby North	2,100	£167,000	79.52381
Derby South	3,300	£264,000	80
Derbyshire Dales	500	£43,000	86
Erewash	2,300	£176,000	76.52174
Gainsborough	1,600	£133,000	83.125
Gedling	1,100	£83,000	75.45455
Grantham and Stamford	1,900	£149,000	78.42105
Harborough	1,100	£86,000	78.18182
High Peak	1,100	£86,000	78.18182
Kettering	1,500	£122,000	81.33333
Leicester East	1,800	£132,000	73.33333
Leicester South	2,500	£185,000	74
Leicester West	2,900	£236,000	81.37931
Lincoln	2,700	£208,000	77.03704
Loughborough	1,400	£116,000	82.85714
Louth and Horncastle	1,600	£134,000	83.75
Mansfield	2,200	£179,000	81.36364
Mid Derbyshire	700	£55,000	78.57143
Newark	1,200	£97,000	80.83333
North East Derbyshire	1,300	£102,000	78.46154
North West Leicestershire	1,300	£108,000	83.07692
Northampton North	1,300	£101,000	77.69231
Northampton South	1,700	£134,000	78.82353
Nottingham East	2,700	£192,000	71.11111
Nottingham North	3,100	£251,000	80.96774
Nottingham South	1,700	£130,000	76.47059
Rushcliffe	600	£49,000	81.66667
Rutland and Melton	1,200	£91,000	75.83333
Sherwood	1,400	£111,000	79.28571
Sleaford and North Hykeham	1,000	£75,000	75
South Derbyshire	1,000	£79,000	79
South Holland and The Deepings	1,400	£111,000	79.28571
South Leicestershire	1,000	£77,000	77
South Northamptonshire	600	£50,000	83.33333
Wellingborough	1,700	£138,000	81.17647
Basildon and Billericay	2,100	£176,000	83.80952
Bedford	2,700	£203,000	75.18519
Braintree	1,400	£102,000	72.85714
Brentwood and Ongar	1,000	£82,000	82
Broadland	700	£53,000	75.71429
Broxbourne	1,400	£112,000	80
Bury St Edmunds	1,300	£105,000	80.76923
Cambridge	1,200	£90,000	75
Castle Point	1,100	£92,000	83.63636
Central Suffolk and North Ipswich	800	£66,000	82.5
Chelmsford	1,100	£88,000	80
Clacton	2,400	£209,000	87.08333
Colchester	2,100	£173,000	82.38095
Epping Forest	800	£68,000	85
Great Yarmouth	3,700	£294,000	79.45946
Harlow	2,300	£181,000	78.69565
Harwich and North Essex	1,100	£91,000	82.72727
Hemel Hempstead	1,300	£103,000	79.23077
Hertford and Stortford	900	£68,000	75.55556
Hertsmere	1,200	£92,000	76.66667
Hitchin and Harpenden	700	£53,000	75.71429
Huntingdon	1,000	£75,000	75
Ipswich	2,500	£193,000	77.2
Luton North	1,100	£84,000	76.36364
Luton South	1,800	£138,000	76.66667
Maldon	700	£52,000	74.28571
Mid Bedfordshire	900	£69,000	76.66667
Mid Norfolk	1,000	£77,000	77
North East Bedfordshire	1,100	£84,000	76.36364
North East Cambridgeshire	1,700	£134,000	78.82353
North East Hertfordshire	900	£69,000	76.66667
North Norfolk	600	£49,000	81.66667
North West Cambridgeshire	2,000	£157,000	78.5
North West Norfolk	1,200	£100,000	83.33333
Norwich North	1,200	£92,000	76.66667
Norwich South	1,600	£128,000	80
Peterborough	3,300	£247,000	74.84848
Rayleigh and Wickford	800	£65,000	81.25
Rochford and Southend East	3,600	£283,000	78.61111
Saffron Walden	800	£59,000	73.75
South Basildon and East Thurrock	2,200	£175,000	79.54545
South Cambridgeshire	600	£53,000	88.33333
South East Cambridgeshire	800	£64,000	80
South Norfolk	900	£73,000	81.11111
South Suffolk	1,100	£86,000	78.18182
South West Bedfordshire	1,100	£83,000	75.45455
South West Hertfordshire	800	£59,000	73.75
South West Norfolk	1,200	£101,000	84.16667
Southend West	1,500	£116,000	77.33333
St Albans	1,100	£86,000	78.18182
Stevenage	1,400	£114,000	81.42857
Suffolk Coastal	1,000	£78,000	78
Thurrock	3,100	£248,000	80
Watford	1,800	£136,000	75.55556
Waveney	3,100	£244,000	78.70968
Welwyn Hatfield	1,800	£136,000	75.55556
West Suffolk	1,400	£110,000	78.57143
Witham	1,000	£84,000	84
Barking	3,300	£264,000	80
Battersea	1,400	£109,000	77.85714
Beckenham	600	£51,000	85
Bermondsey and Old Southwark	4,600	£362,000	78.69565
Bethnal Green and Bow	2,900	£216,000	74.48276
Bexleyheath and Crayford	1,100	£87,000	79.09091
Brent Central	2,900	£221,000	76.2069
Brent North	1,300	£96,000	73.84615
Brentford and Isleworth	2,900	£226,000	77.93103
Bromley and Chislehurst	1,200	£94,000	78.33333
Camberwell and Peckham	4,700	£362,000	77.02128
Carshalton and Wallington	2,400	£188,000	78.33333
Chelsea and Fulham	1,600	£122,000	76.25
Chingford and Woodford Green	1,100	£88,000	80
Chipping Barnet	1,300	£96,000	73.84615
Cities of London and Westminster	1,100	£79,000	71.81818
Croydon Central	4,200	£332,000	79.04762
Croydon North	5,400	£413,000	76.48148
Croydon South	2,100	£167,000	79.52381
Dagenham and Rainham	2,400	£200,000	83.33333
Dulwich and West Norwood	2,900	£218,000	75.17241
Ealing Central and Acton	2,200	£163,000	74.09091
Ealing North	2,200	£169,000	76.81818
Ealing, Southall	1,800	£130,000	72.22222
East Ham	2,400	£185,000	77.08333
Edmonton	3,400	£263,000	77.35294
Eltham	1,300	£103,000	79.23077
Enfield North	2,700	£214,000	79.25926
Enfield, Southgate	1,200	£95,000	79.16667
Erith and Thamesmead	2,300	£182,000	79.13043
Feltham and Heston	3,600	£275,000	76.38889
Finchley and Golders Green	1,600	£123,000	76.875
Greenwich and Woolwich	2,300	£185,000	80.43478
Hackney North and Stoke Newington	2,400	£175,000	72.91667
Hackney South and Shoreditch	2,500	£188,000	75.2
Hammersmith	3,300	£248,000	75.15152
Hampstead and Kilburn	1,400	£108,000	77.14286
Harrow East	1,000	£79,000	79
Harrow West	1,300	£99,000	76.15385
Hayes and Harlington	2,000	£159,000	79.5
Hendon	2,200	£165,000	75
Holborn and St Pancras	2,000	£141,000	70.5
Hornchurch and Upminster	1,500	£123,000	82
Hornsey and Wood Green	1,700	£119,000	70
Ilford North	1,000	£80,000	80
Ilford South	2,000	£154,000	77
Islington North	2,200	£159,000	72.27273
Islington South and Finsbury	2,200	£163,000	74.09091
Kensington	1,400	£95,000	67.85714
Kingston and Surbiton	1,400	£108,000	77.14286
Lewisham East	2,300	£174,000	75.65217
Lewisham West and Penge	2,600	£195,000	75
Lewisham, Deptford	3,100	£229,000	73.87097
Leyton and Wanstead	1,500	£111,000	74
Mitcham and Morden	2,300	£173,000	75.21739
Old Bexley and Sidcup	600	£47,000	78.33333
Orpington	800	£67,000	83.75
Poplar and Limehouse	3,500	£276,000	78.85714
Putney	1,000	£81,000	81
Richmond Park	1,000	£77,000	77
Romford	1,500	£120,000	80
Ruislip, Northwood and Pinner	700	£55,000	78.57143
Streatham	2,500	£187,000	74.8
Sutton and Cheam	1,400	£107,000	76.42857
Tooting	1,300	£96,000	73.84615
Tottenham	3,100	£227,000	73.22581
Twickenham	1,100	£89,000	80.90909
Uxbridge and South Ruislip	1,200	£96,000	80
Vauxhall	3,000	£223,000	74.33333
Walthamstow	2,300	£171,000	74.34783
West Ham	3,300	£245,000	74.24242
Westminster North	1,600	£110,000	68.75
Wimbledon	700	£56,000	80
Berwick-upon-Tweed	800	£68,000	85
Bishop Auckland	2,800	£227,000	81.07143
Blaydon	2,100	£170,000	80.95238
Blyth Valley	1,900	£150,000	78.94737
City of Durham	1,600	£131,000	81.875
Darlington	3,000	£249,000	83
Easington	3,800	£318,000	83.68421
Gateshead	3,900	£319,000	81.79487
Hartlepool	5,300	£443,000	83.58491
Hexham	500	£39,000	78
Houghton and Sunderland South	2,800	£233,000	83.21429
Jarrow	2,500	£210,000	84
Middlesbrough	4,200	£342,000	81.42857
Middlesbrough South and East Cleveland	2,000	£168,000	84
Newcastle upon Tyne Central	4,500	£363,000	80.66667
Newcastle upon Tyne East	3,600	£286,000	79.44444
Newcastle upon Tyne North	2,900	£240,000	82.75862
North Durham	2,700	£224,000	82.96296
North Tyneside	3,200	£263,000	82.1875
North West Durham	2,500	£198,000	79.2
Redcar	2,400	£197,000	82.08333
Sedgefield	2,600	£213,000	81.92308
South Shields	3,300	£274,000	83.0303
Stockton North	3,200	£273,000	85.3125
Stockton South	2,000	£164,000	82
Sunderland Central	3,400	£280,000	82.35294
Tynemouth	2,000	£164,000	82
Wansbeck	2,000	£159,000	79.5
Washington and Sunderland West	2,900	£252,000	86.89655
Altrincham and Sale West	1,200	£94,000	78.33333
Ashton-under-Lyne	3,300	£264,000	80
Barrow and Furness	1,300	£101,000	77.69231
Birkenhead	4,600	£381,000	82.82609
Blackburn	4,000	£326,000	81.5
Blackley and Broughton	4,700	£377,000	80.21277
Blackpool North and Cleveleys	2,500	£206,000	82.4
Blackpool South	3,500	£304,000	86.85714
Bolton North East	2,800	£222,000	79.28571
Bolton South East	2,800	£221,000	78.92857
Bolton West	1,800	£148,000	82.22222
Bootle	5,000	£410,000	82
Burnley	3,700	£305,000	82.43243
Bury North	2,000	£155,000	77.5
Bury South	2,100	£165,000	78.57143
Carlisle	1,800	£146,000	81.11111
Cheadle	600	£44,000	73.33333
Chorley	1,700	£142,000	83.52941
City of Chester	2,000	£156,000	78
Congleton	1,100	£88,000	80
Copeland	1,700	£130,000	76.47059
Crewe and Nantwich	2,300	£189,000	82.17391
Denton and Reddish	2,200	£179,000	81.36364
Eddisbury	1,500	£128,000	85.33333
Ellesmere Port and Neston	2,300	£187,000	81.30435
Fylde	1,000	£83,000	83
Garston and Halewood	2,600	£212,000	81.53846
Halton	4,000	£325,000	81.25
Hazel Grove	900	£74,000	82.22222
Heywood and Middleton	3,400	£281,000	82.64706
Hyndburn	3,100	£248,000	80
Knowsley	4,500	£379,000	84.22222
Lancaster and Fleetwood	1,800	£148,000	82.22222
Leigh	3,000	£235,000	78.33333
Liverpool, Riverside	3,000	£215,000	71.66667
Liverpool, Walton	4,200	£343,000	81.66667
Liverpool, Wavertree	2,500	£179,000	71.6
Liverpool, West Derby	3,200	£260,000	81.25
Macclesfield	1,100	£97,000	88.18182
Makerfield	2,100	£166,000	79.04762
Manchester Central	5,600	£420,000	75
Manchester, Gorton	4,000	£294,000	73.5
Manchester, Withington	2,000	£150,000	75
Morecambe and Lunesdale	3,000	£238,000	79.33333
Oldham East and Saddleworth	4,000	£320,000	80
Oldham West and Royton	3,900	£304,000	77.94872
Pendle	1,700	£142,000	83.52941
Penrith and The Border	700	£55,000	78.57143
Preston	3,300	£278,000	84.24242
Ribble Valley	900	£72,000	80
Rochdale	3,900	£316,000	81.02564
Rossendale and Darwen	2,100	£170,000	80.95238
Salford and Eccles	3,100	£246,000	79.35484
Sefton Central	800	£60,000	75
South Ribble	1,300	£102,000	78.46154
Southport	1,900	£149,000	78.42105
St Helens North	2,700	£235,000	87.03704
St Helens South and Whiston	3,200	£274,000	85.625
Stalybridge and Hyde	2,900	£231,000	79.65517
Stockport	2,200	£173,000	78.63636
Stretford and Urmston	2,600	£193,000	74.23077
Tatton	900	£72,000	80
Wallasey	3,000	£247,000	82.33333
Warrington North	2,600	£213,000	81.92308
Warrington South	2,000	£161,000	80.5
Weaver Vale	2,100	£171,000	81.42857
West Lancashire	2,100	£170,000	80.95238
Westmorland and Lonsdale	500	£41,000	82
Wigan	3,100	£249,000	80.32258
Wirral South	1,000	£81,000	81
Wirral West	1,000	£76,000	76
Workington	2,000	£156,000	78
Worsley and Eccles South	2,900	£246,000	84.82759
Wyre and Preston North	600	£48,000	80
Wythenshawe and Sale East	3,600	£293,000	81.38889
Aldershot	1,000	£79,000	79
Arundel and South Downs	600	£50,000	83.33333
Ashford	2,100	£174,000	82.85714
Aylesbury	1,100	£85,000	77.27273
Banbury	1,400	£116,000	82.85714
Basingstoke	1,700	£137,000	80.58824
Beaconsfield	600	£52,000	86.66667
Bexhill and Battle	1,500	£114,000	76
Bognor Regis and Littlehampton	1,800	£145,000	80.55556
Bracknell	1,100	£88,000	80
Brighton, Kemptown	2,200	£159,000	72.27273
Brighton, Pavilion	1,600	£116,000	72.5
Buckingham	500	£44,000	88
Canterbury	1,700	£132,000	77.64706
Chatham and Aylesford	2,000	£163,000	81.5
Chesham and Amersham	600	£50,000	83.33333
Chichester	1,100	£90,000	81.81818
Crawley	2,000	£166,000	83
Dartford	1,600	£133,000	83.125
Dover	2,800	£216,000	77.14286
East Hampshire	600	£48,000	80
East Surrey	900	£67,000	74.44444
East Worthing and Shoreham	1,300	£98,000	75.38462
Eastbourne	2,500	£195,000	78
Eastleigh	1,400	£109,000	77.85714
Epsom and Ewell	600	£44,000	73.33333
Esher and Walton	600	£48,000	80
Fareham	600	£52,000	86.66667
Faversham and Mid Kent	1,200	£100,000	83.33333
Folkestone and Hythe	2,100	£167,000	79.52381
Gillingham and Rainham	1,900	£153,000	80.52632
Gosport	1,300	£105,000	80.76923
Gravesham	2,000	£159,000	79.5
Guildford	600	£46,000	76.66667
Hastings and Rye	3,600	£274,000	76.11111
Havant	1,300	£110,000	84.61538
Henley	600	£45,000	75
Horsham	800	£66,000	82.5
Hove	1,700	£122,000	71.76471
Isle of Wight	2,100	£169,000	80.47619
Lewes	1,000	£80,000	80
Maidenhead	900	£68,000	75.55556
Maidstone and The Weald	1,100	£92,000	83.63636
Meon Valley	700	£56,000	80
Mid Sussex	800	£66,000	82.5
Milton Keynes North	1,600	£125,000	78.125
Milton Keynes South	1,700	£140,000	82.35294
Mole Valley	500	£35,000	70
New Forest East	1,000	£76,000	76
New Forest West	600	£51,000	85
Newbury	1,400	£109,000	77.85714
North East Hampshire	400	£32,000	80
North Thanet	2,600	£205,000	78.84615
North West Hampshire	1,100	£88,000	80
Oxford East	1,800	£134,000	74.44444
Oxford West and Abingdon	900	£64,000	71.11111
Portsmouth North	1,500	£120,000	80
Portsmouth South	2,300	£178,000	77.3913
Reading East	1,500	£116,000	77.33333
Reading West	2,000	£150,000	75
Reigate	800	£61,000	76.25
Rochester and Strood	2,000	£159,000	79.5
Romsey and Southampton North	900	£67,000	74.44444
Runnymede and Weybridge	700	£57,000	81.42857
Sevenoaks	700	£62,000	88.57143
Sittingbourne and Sheppey	3,000	£237,000	79
Slough	2,400	£184,000	76.66667
South Thanet	3,300	£257,000	77.87879
South West Surrey	600	£47,000	78.33333
Southampton, Itchen	3,100	£242,000	78.06452
Southampton, Test	3,300	£248,000	75.15152
Spelthorne	800	£65,000	81.25
Surrey Heath	600	£49,000	81.66667
Tonbridge and Malling	800	£65,000	81.25
Tunbridge Wells	800	£65,000	81.25
Wantage	1,200	£97,000	80.83333
Wealden	900	£74,000	82.22222
Winchester	700	£57,000	81.42857
Windsor	700	£58,000	82.85714
Witney	900	£69,000	76.66667
Woking	700	£52,000	74.28571
Wokingham	800	£60,000	75
Worthing West	1,300	£96,000	73.84615
Wycombe	1,300	£105,000	80.76923
Bath	1,400	£105,000	75
Bournemouth East	2,500	£185,000	74
Bournemouth West	2,300	£179,000	77.82609
Bridgwater and West Somerset	2,500	£196,000	78.4
Bristol East	1,600	£116,000	72.5
Bristol North West	1,600	£122,000	76.25
Bristol South	2,400	£189,000	78.75
Bristol West	1,900	£131,000	68.94737
Camborne and Redruth	1,600	£123,000	76.875
Central Devon	800	£64,000	80
Cheltenham	1,500	£107,000	71.33333
Chippenham	1,400	£105,000	75
Christchurch	900	£72,000	80
Devizes	1,100	£90,000	81.81818
East Devon	900	£70,000	77.77778
Exeter	1,300	£99,000	76.15385
Filton and Bradley Stoke	900	£71,000	78.88889
Forest of Dean	1,300	£99,000	76.15385
Gloucester	2,500	£187,000	74.8
Kingswood	700	£57,000	81.42857
Mid Dorset and North Poole	800	£60,000	75
Newton Abbot	1,000	£87,000	87
North Cornwall	1,400	£114,000	81.42857
North Devon	1,400	£113,000	80.71429
North Dorset	900	£76,000	84.44444
North East Somerset	1,200	£93,000	77.5
North Somerset	700	£51,000	72.85714
North Swindon	2,200	£169,000	76.81818
North Wiltshire	900	£77,000	85.55556
Plymouth, Moor View	2,200	£175,000	79.54545
Plymouth, Sutton and Devonport	3,900	£280,000	71.79487
Poole	1,600	£124,000	77.5
Salisbury	1,400	£113,000	80.71429
Somerton and Frome	1,500	£112,000	74.66667
South Dorset	1,700	£134,000	78.82353
South East Cornwall	1,400	£112,000	80
South Swindon	2,400	£182,000	75.83333
South West Devon	700	£57,000	81.42857
South West Wiltshire	1,600	£128,000	80
St Austell and Newquay	1,900	£151,000	79.47368
St Ives	1,200	£94,000	78.33333
Stroud	1,200	£91,000	75.83333
Taunton Deane	2,100	£160,000	76.19048
Tewkesbury	1,200	£94,000	78.33333
The Cotswolds	900	£66,000	73.33333
Thornbury and Yate	600	£47,000	78.33333
Tiverton and Honiton	1,200	£93,000	77.5
Torbay	2,300	£186,000	80.86957
Torridge and West Devon	1,200	£96,000	80
Totnes	1,000	£77,000	77
Truro and Falmouth	1,200	£92,000	76.66667
Wells	1,700	£119,000	70
West Dorset	1,000	£80,000	80
Weston-Super-Mare	2,600	£193,000	74.23077
Yeovil	1,900	£144,000	75.78947
Aldridge-Brownhills	1,100	£86,000	78.18182
Birmingham, Edgbaston	3,200	£254,000	79.375
Birmingham, Erdington	4,700	£375,000	79.78723
Birmingham, Hall Green	3,300	£228,000	69.09091
Birmingham, Hodge Hill	4,500	£343,000	76.22222
Birmingham, Ladywood	6,300	£466,000	73.96825
Birmingham, Northfield	4,000	£330,000	82.5
Birmingham, Perry Barr	4,000	£302,000	75.5
Birmingham, Selly Oak	2,900	£222,000	76.55172
Birmingham, Yardley	3,700	£281,000	75.94595
Bromsgrove	1,000	£75,000	75
Burton	1,500	£114,000	76
Cannock Chase	1,400	£116,000	82.85714
Coventry North East	3,000	£247,000	82.33333
Coventry North West	1,900	£149,000	78.42105
Coventry South	2,000	£159,000	79.5
Dudley North	2,700	£211,000	78.14815
Dudley South	2,100	£167,000	79.52381
Halesowen and Rowley Regis	1,900	£155,000	81.57895
Hereford and South Herefordshire	1,300	£95,000	73.07692
Kenilworth and Southam	500	£38,000	76
Lichfield	1,000	£81,000	81
Ludlow	800	£63,000	78.75
Meriden	3,100	£252,000	81.29032
Mid Worcestershire	1,000	£82,000	82
Newcastle-under-Lyme	1,200	£93,000	77.5
North Herefordshire	900	£70,000	77.77778
North Shropshire	1,300	£105,000	80.76923
North Warwickshire	1,600	£131,000	81.875
Nuneaton	2,200	£178,000	80.90909
Redditch	1,900	£151,000	79.47368
Rugby	1,900	£146,000	76.84211
Shrewsbury and Atcham	1,300	£105,000	80.76923
Solihull	1,100	£80,000	72.72727
South Staffordshire	1,000	£80,000	80
Stafford	1,100	£90,000	81.81818
Staffordshire Moorlands	600	£49,000	81.66667
Stoke-on-Trent Central	2,300	£176,000	76.52174
Stoke-on-Trent North	2,500	£210,000	84
Stoke-on-Trent South	2,100	£164,000	78.09524
Stone	600	£49,000	81.66667
Stourbridge	1,800	£143,000	79.44444
Stratford-on-Avon	900	£72,000	80
Sutton Coldfield	1,000	£77,000	77
Tamworth	1,800	£140,000	77.77778
Telford	2,200	£182,000	82.72727
The Wrekin	1,000	£81,000	81
Walsall North	3,100	£266,000	85.80645
Walsall South	2,800	£227,000	81.07143
Warley	2,000	£159,000	79.5
Warwick and Leamington	1,000	£82,000	82
West Bromwich East	2,000	£159,000	79.5
West Bromwich West	2,400	£196,000	81.66667
West Worcestershire	900	£70,000	77.77778
Wolverhampton North East	3,400	£277,000	81.47059
Wolverhampton South East	3,500	£286,000	81.71429
Wolverhampton South West	2,500	£190,000	76
Worcester	1,400	£115,000	82.14286
Wyre Forest	1,500	£130,000	86.66667
Barnsley Central	2,800	£229,000	81.78571
Barnsley East	2,900	£245,000	84.48276
Batley and Spen	2,800	£232,000	82.85714
Beverley and Holderness	1,000	£84,000	84
Bradford East	3,700	£298,000	80.54054
Bradford South	3,300	£273,000	82.72727
Bradford West	3,400	£258,000	75.88235
Brigg and Goole	1,500	£126,000	84
Calder Valley	2,100	£166,000	79.04762
Cleethorpes	1,900	£158,000	83.15789
Colne Valley	2,000	£153,000	76.5
Dewsbury	2,400	£194,000	80.83333
Don Valley	2,300	£198,000	86.08696
Doncaster Central	3,400	£283,000	83.23529
Doncaster North	3,400	£296,000	87.05882
East Yorkshire	1,700	£151,000	88.82353
Elmet and Rothwell	700	£61,000	87.14286
Great Grimsby	4,100	£341,000	83.17073
Halifax	3,800	£307,000	80.78947
Haltemprice and Howden	500	£41,000	82
Harrogate and Knaresborough	1,400	£107,000	76.42857
Hemsworth	1,700	£142,000	83.52941
Huddersfield	3,000	£238,000	79.33333
Keighley	1,800	£148,000	82.22222
Kingston upon Hull East	2,300	£187,000	81.30435
Kingston upon Hull North	2,300	£187,000	81.30435
Kingston upon Hull West and Hessle	2,500	£195,000	78
Leeds Central	4,400	£356,000	80.90909
Leeds East	2,800	£230,000	82.14286
Leeds North East	1,200	£91,000	75.83333
Leeds North West	700	£53,000	75.71429
Leeds West	2,500	£209,000	83.6
Morley and Outwood	1,000	£81,000	81
Normanton, Pontefract and Castleford	2,300	£192,000	83.47826
Penistone and Stocksbridge	900	£67,000	74.44444
Pudsey	800	£65,000	81.25
Richmond (Yorks)	1,400	£112,000	80
Rother Valley	1,600	£141,000	88.125
Rotherham	2,900	£244,000	84.13793
Scarborough and Whitby	2,000	£170,000	85
Scunthorpe	2,700	£219,000	81.11111
Selby and Ainsty	1,200	£96,000	80
Sheffield Central	1,700	£120,000	70.58824
Sheffield South East	1,400	£110,000	78.57143
Sheffield, Brightside and Hillsborough	2,600	£211,000	81.15385
Sheffield, Hallam	400	£24,000	60
Sheffield, Heeley	2,000	£164,000	82
Shipley	1,400	£107,000	76.42857
Skipton and Ripon	1,000	£78,000	78
Thirsk and Malton	1,200	£101,000	84.16667
Wakefield	1,700	£138,000	81.17647
Wentworth and Dearne	2,900	£246,000	84.82759
York Central	2,000	£152,000	76
York Outer	600	£48,000	80
Aberdeen North	2,000	£150,000	75
Aberdeen South	1,000	£73,000	73
Airdrie and Shotts	2,600	£204,000	78.46154
Angus	2,300	£185,000	80.43478
Argyll and Bute	1,300	£103,000	79.23077
Ayr, Carrick and Cumnock	3,200	£241,000	75.3125
Banff and Buchan	1,500	£126,000	84
Berwickshire, Roxburgh and Selkirk	1,700	£134,000	78.82353
Caithness, Sutherland and Easter Ross	1,300	£93,000	71.53846
Central Ayrshire	2,700	£196,000	72.59259
Coatbridge, Chryston and Bellshill	2,800	£213,000	76.07143
Cumbernauld, Kilsyth and Kirkintilloch East	2,600	£202,000	77.69231
Dumfries and Galloway	2,100	£157,000	74.7619
Dumfriesshire, Clydesdale and Tweeddale	1,400	£106,000	75.71429
Dundee East	2,300	£182,000	79.13043
Dundee West	3,500	£268,000	76.57143
Dunfermline and West Fife	2,400	£192,000	80
East Dunbartonshire	600	£42,000	70
East Kilbride, Strathaven and Lesmahagow	2,300	£161,000	70
East Lothian	2,400	£185,000	77.08333
East Renfrewshire	900	£66,000	73.33333
Edinburgh East	1,400	£97,000	69.28571
Edinburgh North and Leith	1,200	£86,000	71.66667
Edinburgh South	600	£44,000	73.33333
Edinburgh South West	1,300	£98,000	75.38462
Edinburgh West	800	£64,000	80
Falkirk	2,700	£223,000	82.59259
Glasgow Central	2,100	£143,000	68.09524
Glasgow East	2,600	£190,000	73.07692
Glasgow North	1,500	£99,000	66
Glasgow North East	2,600	£190,000	73.07692
Glasgow North West	2,200	£154,000	70
Glasgow South	1,700	£124,000	72.94118
Glasgow South West	2,600	£192,000	73.84615
Glenrothes	3,300	£258,000	78.18182
Gordon	700	£52,000	74.28571
Inverclyde	3,400	£244,000	71.76471
Inverness, Nairn, Badenoch and Strathspey	2,000	£144,000	72
Kilmarnock and Loudoun	3,400	£257,000	75.58824
Kirkcaldy and Cowdenbeath	3,500	£285,000	81.42857
Lanark and Hamilton East	3,000	£227,000	75.66667
Linlithgow and East Falkirk	2,800	£226,000	80.71429
Livingston	2,400	£188,000	78.33333
Midlothian	2,300	£175,000	76.08696
Moray	1,500	£112,000	74.66667
Motherwell and Wishaw	3,100	£238,000	76.77419
Na h-Eileanan an Iar	200	£13,000	65
North Ayrshire and Arran	3,300	£243,000	73.63636
North East Fife	1,000	£81,000	81
Ochil and South Perthshire	2,300	£165,000	71.73913
Orkney and Shetland	400	£30,000	75
Paisley and Renfrewshire North	1,500	£118,000	78.66667
Paisley and Renfrewshire South	2,300	£170,000	73.91304
Perth and North Perthshire	1,500	£120,000	80
Ross, Skye and Lochaber	900	£63,000	70
Rutherglen and Hamilton West	3,500	£262,000	74.85714
Stirling	1,900	£134,000	70.52632
West Aberdeenshire and Kincardine	500	£39,000	78
West Dunbartonshire	2,400	£184,000	76.66667
Aberavon	2,200	£179,000	81.36364
Aberconwy	1,000	£74,000	74
Alyn and Deeside	1,700	£142,000	83.52941
Arfon	900	£71,000	78.88889
Blaenau Gwent	2,000	£168,000	84
Brecon and Radnorshire	600	£49,000	81.66667
Bridgend	1,600	£124,000	77.5
Caerphilly	1,800	£144,000	80
Cardiff Central	2,000	£151,000	75.5
Cardiff North	1,000	£77,000	77
Cardiff South and Penarth	3,100	£259,000	83.54839
Cardiff West	2,600	£218,000	83.84615
Carmarthen East and Dinefwr	800	£57,000	71.25
Carmarthen West and South Pembrokeshire	1,100	£92,000	83.63636
Ceredigion	600	£46,000	76.66667
Clwyd South	1,700	£141,000	82.94118
Clwyd West	1,400	£116,000	82.85714